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- ******************************************************
- * PTS HPr component phosphorylation sites signatures *
- ******************************************************
-
- The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent sugar phosphotransferase system (PTS) [1,2]
- is a major carbohydrate transport system in bacteria. The PTS catalyzes the
- phosphorylation of incoming sugar substrates concomitant with their
- translocation across the cell membrane. The general mechanism of the PTS is
- as follows: a phosphoryl group from phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) is transferred
- to Enzyme I (EI) of the PTS which in turn transfers it to a phosphoryl carrier
- protein (HPr). Phospho-HPr then transfers the phosphoryl group to a sugar-
- specific permease complex (enzymes EII/EIII).
-
- HPr [3 to 5] is a small cytoplasmic protein of 70 to 90 amino acid residues.
- In some bacteria HPr is a domain in a larger protein that includes a EIII(Fru)
- (IIA) domain and in some cases also the EI domain. A conserved histidine in
- the N-terminal section of HPr serves as an acceptor for the phosphoryl group
- of EI. In the central part of HPr there is a conserved serine which, in gram-
- positive bacteria only, is phosphorylated by an ATP-dependent protein kinase;
- a process which probably play a regulatory role in sugar transport.
-
- The sequence around both phosphorylation sites are well conserved and can be
- used as signature patterns for HPr proteins or domains.
-
- -Consensus pattern: G-[LIVM]-H-[STA]-R-[PA]-[GSTA](2)
- [H is phosphorylated]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: NONE.
-
- -Consensus pattern: [GA]-[KR]-x(4)-[KR]-S-[LIVMF](2)-x-[LIVM]-x(2)-[LIVM]-[GA]
- [S is phosphorylated]
- -Sequences known to belong to this class detected by the pattern: ALL.
- -Other sequence(s) detected in SWISS-PROT: Escherichia coli glycogen synthase
- and human polyposis locus protein 1.
-
- -Expert(s) to contact by email: Reizer J.
- jreizer@ucsd.edu
-
- -Last update: June 1994 / Text revised.
-
- [ 1] Postma P.W., Lengeler J.W., Jacobson G.R.
- Microbiol. Rev. 57:543-594(1993).
- [ 2] Meadow N.D., Fox D.K., Roseman S.
- Annu. Rev. Biochem. 59:497-542(1990).
- [ 3] Reizer J., Saier M.H. Jr., Deutscher J., Grenier F., Thompson J.,
- Hengstenberg W.
- CRC Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 15:297-338(1988).
- [ 4] Herzberg O., Reddy P., Sutrina S., Saier M.H. Jr., Reizer J., Kapadia G.
- Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89:2499-2503(1992).
- [ 5] Reizer J., Hoischen C., Reizer A., Pham T.N., Saier M.H. Jr.
- Protein Sci. 2:506-521(1993).
-